dormancy breaking of zataria multiflora seeds through tissue culture

Zataria multiflora boiss is one of the important aromatic herbs that has many properties and benefits for health. however, this plant has the problem of seed germination, which limits its propagation and cultivation. z. multiflora seeds have deep seed dormancy, which makes the seeds not germinate in suitable environmental conditions. for this research, the plant tissue culture method has been optimized to solve the germination problem of this plant. first, some seeds were disinfected with 70% ethanol for 1 minute. then, all the seeds were washed with sodium hypochlorite treatment at concentrations of 1.5 and 2% for 4 minutes for surface disinfection. in the next step, sterilized seeds were germinated in ms and ½ ms culture medium with and without amino acid complex in vitro conditions. the experiments were designed and carried out in a completely randomized design with three replications. based on the obtained results, the only effective factor in the amount of seed contamination in in vitro culture was sodium hypochlorite concentration. surface disinfection with 2% sodium hypochlorite has shown the lowest percentage of contamination (8%). regarding the rate of germination of shirazi thyme seeds in glass culture, the results showed that the highest percentage of germination (100%) was related to the treatment of 2% sodium hypochlorite and amino acid complex at the rate of 5 ml/l.