comparing seed conservation technologies for banking different seed propagules: ibrc seed bank as a successful model

This paper examines the critical role of plant genetic resources in biodiversity and agriculture, emphasizing the threats posed by habitat destruction, climate change, and overexploitation. it highlights the importance of ex situ conservation methods, particularly seed banking, for preserving genetic diversity. the study focuses on approximately 14,000 plant samples at the iranian biological resource center (ibrc), comparing responses of various seed propagules—orthodox, intermediate, and recalcitrant—to different storage methods, including refrigeration, freezing, and cryopreservation. orthodox seeds, which comprise 75-80% of angiosperms, are ideal for long-term storage due to their resilience to dehydration. in contrast, recalcitrant seeds cannot tolerate freezing and require advanced cryopreservation techniques for preservation. the seed banking process involves meticulous steps, including collection, cleaning, testing, and storage under controlled conditions to ensure final viability. regular monitoring is essential to detect deterioration and guide regeneration efforts. the paper concludes that seed banking is a cornerstone of global conservation, vital for maintaining genetic diversity amid increasing environmental challenges. as climate change and habitat loss intensify, the strategic importance of seed banks in conserving our agricultural and ecological future cannot be overstated.