the effect of different hormonal and physical treatments on germination of sophora seeds (sophora alopecuroides l.)

The fabaceae have seed dormancy, which is an evolutionary adaptation that prevents seed germination in unfavorable ecological conditions and is of great importance in preserving plant species. in order to investigate the effect of various mechanical, hormonal and physical factors on the dormancy failure of bitter bean seeds, an experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design in three replications. the treatments included gibberellic acid, sulfuric acid, hot water and cold at 4 degrees celsius in different periods of time. the results showed that compared to the very low germination of untreated seeds (0-53%), the application of 75% concentration of sulfuric acid for 15 minutes improved the germination percentage (95.5%) and the initial growth of seedlings. the percentage of germination (93%) in the treatment with hot water was significant compared to the control sample (56%). hot water and sulfuric acid treatments can remove the seed dormancy in bitter expression. according to the dormancy failure of bitter gourd seeds in the tested treatments, it can be concluded that the dormancy of bitter gourd seeds is of a mechanical type and related to the physical properties of the seed coat.