preparation of organic based nano carrier and optimization of experimental conditions

Abstract: this study aims to evaluate the effect of type of organic oil, different surfactant, and cosurfactant such as cremophor rh 40, cetomacrogol 1000, and polysorbate 80 (tween 80) and polysorbate 60 (tween 60) on the mean particle size of nano-emulsion and their preparation (by tem and zeta potential and other analytical techniques). different effects of nano-emulsion size were studied by type of organic oils and surfactants and concentration of cosurfactants. according to solubility, particle size, poly-dispersity index, morphology, viscosity, and ph, a suitable formulation is chosen. formulations were developed based on a multilevel factorial design (three factors, two levels). some properties of nanoparticles like process yield, drug–surfactant interaction, particle morphology, and in vitro diffusion profile, which could affect biological performance also be evaluated. dermal and transdermal drugs and oral vitamin syrups were chosen for this study. first, the designed formulations were evaluated by considering the pys (process yields), which can be defined as the weight ratio of the amount of nps to the total amount of organic oil and active ingredient used. a multilevel factorial design (2ᵌ) was used to study the effect of each factor, as well as the effects of interactions between factors, on the variable response. the studied factors were the amounts of surfactant (cremophor rh40, cetomacrogol 1000, and tween 80) (x1), organic oil (x2), and solvent (x3). the response variable was the lapi (y), expressed in percent (related to the amount of active ingredient loaded on nano-emulsion). all experiments were carried out three times. the order of the experiments was fully randomized. the lapi (loaded active pharmaceutical ingredient (%)) was determined by an hplc method. first, the calibration curve was obtained (for adapalene at 235 nm). the amount of adapalene loaded into nps was estimated directly by the dissolution of 10 mg of nps in 10 ml of mobile phase at room temperature. after the nps had dissolved, hplc measurements were done. then, adapalene concentrations were calculated from the equation of the standard curve. all lapi were calculated in triplicate (n = 3) by using equation lapi values are expressed as mean ± standard deviations.