acetyl and butyryl cholinesterase inhibitory activity and gc-ms analysis of rashingari and khuzestani savory extracts

Abstract: medicinal plants around the world play an essential role in the treatment and prevention of human diseases. these plants are the source of traditional medicine, and many modern medicines are made indirectly from them. more than 65% of the world's population, especially in many developing countries, use traditional medicine to treat human diseases. in the last decade, plants have been recognized as various sources of chemicals, and many of them have strong antioxidant activity. phenolic compounds such as flavonoids, phenolic acids and phenolic diterpenes are primarily responsible for the antioxidant effect of plant products. saturia khuzestanika, belonging to the family lamiaceae, contains 200 species of aromatic plants and shrubs that are commonly found in the mediterranean regions. it has been reported that different species of saturia have excellent antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-disease, anti-cell proliferative properties. in the regions of iran, 14 species of this genus are distributed mainly in the mountains. saturia khuzestanika and saturia rashingari are two species of the genus saturia, native to the southern regions of iran. in this study, rashingari and khuzestani savory extract was extracted with ethanol and then its main components were examined and compared by gas chromatography. chemical analysis of the extract of these medicinal plants with gc-ms showed that the main components of khuzestani savory extract are carvacrol (68.7%), para-cement (62.4%), terpinol (3.16%), and rashingari savory extract including thymol (51.28%), carvacrol (22.08%), linalool (4.37%) and cis-beta-bisabolene (3.08%). the results of enzyme experiments with elman method showed that khuzestani safflower extract had the highest inhibition against acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase (ache and bche) (377±2.36 μg/ml and 251±1.88 μg/ml, respectively). carvacrol is the main component of the extract of these herbal medicines and the inhibitory activity of this compound has been shown to be high (57±0.25 μg/ml for ache and 181±0.95 μg/ml for bche).