analysis of volatile components of ziziphus spina christi leaves using a combination of hs-spme / gc-ms and multivariate curve resolution methods

Abstract: the main aim of this work was identification of the volatile components of ziziphus spina-christi. the leaves of this plant were supplied from khuzestan province and were dried for preparation of ziziphus spina-christi extract. aqueous and ethanolic extracts of this plant were taken and dried. then, 40 g of aqueous extract, 40g of ethanolic extract and 20 g of the ziziphus spina-christi powder were mixed and soaked in water to get a sample for volatile extraction. the volatile components of ziziphus spina-christi were extracted by head space-solid phase micro extraction (hs-spme) technique. the extracted components of ziziphus spina-christi were analyzed by using gc-ms method under appropriate condition. the obtained chromatogram was divided into 133 peak clusters for further investigation by the multivariate curve resolution (mcr) method. the mcr was used for more accurate analysis of the chromatogram. after background correction and denoising [1, 2], the number of components of each peak cluster was determined by calculating the morphological score. the peak clusters were resolved using multivariate curve resolution-alternating least square (mcr-als) [3, 4] method by imposing proper constraints. the resolved mass spectra were exported to nist software for qualitative analysis. using the mcr method, the numbers of identified components in the ziziphus spina-christi sample are extended from 81 in direct analysis to 155 compounds by gc-ms/mcr method. it is concluded that the combination of hyphenated chromatographic techniques with chemometric resolution methods can provide a complementary method, or in several cases an alternative method for the quick and accurate analysis of real multi-component sample.