fabrication of pvc-based polymer inclusion membranes containing cyphos® il 101 to extract bismuth from chloride medium

Since bismuth has very low toxicity among heavy metals, it is often referred to as a 'green metal.' [1]. its interesting feature has attracted a great deal of attention in the field of medicinal chemistry. the present study attempted to extract bismuth using inclusion membranes containing ionic liquid. polyvinyl chloride (pvc) and trihexyltetradecylphosphonium chloride (cyphos® il 101) was used as a base polymer and anion exchange extractor.[2] and with using the following materials, the optimization of a suitable membrane with acceptable quality for extraction was studied, followed by different characterization methods like tga, sem, and afm on the optimized membrane. the membrane is optimized for bismuth extraction from chloride medium considering the factors such as the percentage of the extractor, acid concentration, and extraction time. the results of this study suggest that quantitative extraction of bismuth requires at least 40 percent of the extractor, 0.2 m hydrochloric acid and 8 hours of extraction time. among several combinations of back-extraction reagents, edta and nh3 exhibited the best results in removing bismuth from membranes. the study showed that the optimized membrane can do the process for a minimum of three cycles without losing efficiency. the effect of various plasticizers to enhance the performance of the studied membrane was also investigated. the present study demonstrated that pims containing cyphos® il 101 can be used as a promising material for metal ion extraction.