cressa cretica leaves extract for the simple preparation method of cuo nanoparticles and its characterization

In this work, we reported a simple method by a green approach for cuo nps preparation in aqueous medium through cressa cretica (c. cretica) leaves extract. this method gives some benefits that are harmless, low cost and simple preparation. in this study we used from c. cretica extract as a green reducing and as well as a capping agent and cu(no3)2.3h2o as a copper source .cuo nanoparticles were synthesized through a simple sol–gel route in the presence of c. cretica leaf extract without any surfactant and reducing agent. ftir studies disclosed that hydroxyl, amide and amine groups of cressa cretica leaf broth were liable for the formation and stabilization of the cuo nanoparticles [1].the c. cretica plant leaves were washed thoroughly first with tap water to remove the adhering particles, then with distilled water. the purified c. cretica leaves were dried in shadow. the dried c. cretica leaves were crushed using mortar and pestle. the powdered c. cretica leaf was weighed (5.0 g) and mixed with 100 ml of distilled water. the mixture was stirred at 55 °c for 2 h and filtered and stored at 5 °c. after that, 30 ml of the plant extract solution was added to the 50 ml of 0.5m cu(no3)2.3h2o solution, drop by drop. the solution was stirred for 5 h in a paraffin bath at a constant temperature of 72 °c. finally, at the plate's bottom, an extremely sticky, green-colored gel formed. the remaining product was dried for 4 h at 50 °c in an oven. then, the sediments were calcined at 500 °c for 2 h, yielding a black powder. furthermore, cuo nps were characterized by xrd, fesem, edx, and uv–vis spectrophotometery, zeta potential and tga/dta techniques. xrd pattern was theoretically well-matched to cuo with a monoclinic structure. all diffraction peaks can be indexed as the typical monoclinic structure. moreover, the well-defined and sharp cuo reflections in the observed xrd patterns verify the well-crystalline nature of cuo nps. the result of thermogravimetric analysis of the precursor product showed that the proper calcination temperature was 500 °c. finally, the results revealed that cuo nps have spherical shape with the particle size range of 40 nm.