removal of reactive dyes from real textile wastewater using zinc oxide nanoparticles under ultrasonic irradiation

Abstract: wastewater from the textile industry is one of the most important and serious environmental concerns for the safety of land and aquatic ecosystems. in this study, zno nanoparticles (nps) were synthesized using sol-gel method. then, the synthesized nps were identified by tem, fe-sem, xrd, ftir, and edx techniques. the results showed that the synthesized zno nanoparticles are spherical and have an average size of about 40 nm. the synthesized zno nps were used to remove reactive dyes in textile wastewater such as yellow 145, and blue 5. then, the effect of operational parameters such as the ph of the solution, dose of zno nps, ultrasonic irradiation time and power were investigated. it was found that the degradation ratio of organic dye pollutants in the textile wastewater in the presence of zno nps was much higher than that only with ultrasonic radiation. according to the gc-ms analysis, the toxic organic compounds such as reactive blue 5 and reactive yellow 145 dyes composed about 28% of the initial wastewater sample. all experiments showed that the sonocatalytic degradation method in the presence of zinc oxide nanoparticles is a suitable choice for the treatment of non-transparent organic wastewater in the textile industry.