avicenna’s comprehension of modal knowledge

Epistemology of modality is one of the widespread topics of contemporary epistemology, which encompasses the search for methods on how we have modal knowledge. proponents of theories based on conceivability, counter factuals or essentialism claim that modality and ,correspondingly, modal knowledge are accessed as a result of some mind-dependent or mind-independent state of facto. my aim in this study is to reconstruct the relationship avicenna established between logic and epistemology over the bridge of modality by interpreting contemporary epistemology of modality with his perspective. for this, we must first understand how a proposition in avicenna, more specifically a modal proposition, is formed based on modal concepts. the modal concepts that avicenna defines as a priori are not necessary to form a modal proposition. as a matter of fact, according to him, aside from the fact that every proposition has a modal structure in an alethic or temporal sense, there are also modal propositions having modal knowledge, although there is no apparent modal concept in propositions. avivenna accounts for that every proposition having its modal identity either explicitly or implicitly, through his distinction of matter-mode which is related to the modal component of propositions. accordingly, while the matter of a proposition is the objective relationship between the modes of necessary, possible or impossible that connect the predicate and the subject of the proposition; the mode of a proposition is what is expressed in the proposition about this relation. here we need to pay attention to the fact that the matter of the proposition is directly related to the subject of the proposition. the distinction i will make between the modal proposition having a subject of mental existence and the modal proposition having a subject of external existence, helps to provide more coherent answers than contemporary theories of modality to the problems of access to modality and transition between different modal realities.