بررسی موانع توسعه گردشگری در خراسان شمالی

ﺧﺮاﺳﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺧﺎﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﻗﻮم ﭘﺎرت از ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه وﯾﮋه ای ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ و آﺛﺎر ﻣﮑﺸﻮف ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺣﻀﻮر ﻓﻌﺎل اﯾﻦ ﻗﻮم در ﭘﻬﻨﻪ ﮐﻨﻮﻧﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ روﻧﻖ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی و اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ در دوران ﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮص ﺳﺎﺳﺎﻧﯿﺎن ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه، ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮی ﮐﻪ ﻃﯽ ﻗﺮون ﻧﺨﺴﺘﯿﻦ اﺳﻼﻣﯽ ﭼﻬﺮه ﻫﺎی درﺧﺸﺎن و ﻧﺎﻣﺪاری در اﯾﻦ ﺧﻄﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎ ﺧﻮاستند. اﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﺎن در ﺳﺎل 1383 ﭘﺲ از ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺧﺮاﺳﺎن ﺑﺰرگ ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﺮاﺳﺎن ﺷﻤﺎﻟﯽ ﺧﺮاﺳﺎن رﺿﻮی و ﺧﺮاﺳﺎن ﺟﻨﻮﺑﯽ ﺗﺎﺳﯿﺲ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻫﺸﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻣﻬﺎی ﻓﺎروج، راز و ﺟﺮﮔﻼن، ﺷﯿﺮوان، ﺑﺠﻨﻮرد، ﻣﺎﻧﻪ و ﺳﻤﻠﻘﺎ ﺟﺎﺟﺮم و ﮔﺮﻣﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﮐﻠﯽ 24 ﺷﻬﺮ، 45 دﻫﺴﺘﺎن و ﺑﯿﺶ از ﻫﺰار روﺳﺘﺎی دارای ﺳﮑﻨﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺳﺮﺷﻤﺎری ﺳﺎل 1395 ﺑﺎﻟﻎ ﺑﺮ 863/900 ﻧﻔﺮ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ. اﻗﻮام ﺳﺎﮐﻦ در ﺧﺮاﺳﺎن ﺷﻤﺎﻟﯽ را ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﻓﺎرس ﻫﺎ ﯾﺎ ﻫﻤﺎن ﺗﺎﺗﺎﻫﺎ، ﮐﺮﻣﺎﻧﺞ ﻫﺎ و ﺗﺮﮐﻤﻦ ﻫﺎ ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﻣﯽ دﻫﻨﺪ ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ ﻗﻮم ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻣﺤﺪودی از اﻗﻮام ﻋﺮب و ﺑﻠﻮچ و ﻟﺮ ﻧﯿﺰ در ﭼﻨﺪ روﺳﺘﺎی اﺳﺘﺎن ﺳﺎﮐﻦ ﺑﻮده اﻧ ﺟﻮد اﻗﻮام ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻫﺎ و آداب و رﺳﻮم ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﺳﺒﺐ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﻪ ﮔﻨﺠﯿﻨﻪ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻫﺎ ﺷﻬﺮت ﯾﺎﺑﺪ. ﻓﺎرس ﻫﺎ ﯾﺎ ﺗﺎت ﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﺸﺎ ﺷﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎدﻫﺎ ﺑﺎزﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد. ﮐﺮدﻫﺎ ﮐﻪ ﮔﻮﯾﺶ ﮐﺮﻣﺎﻧﺠﯽ دارﻧﺪ و ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﺳﻪ اﯾﻞ ﺑﺰرگ زﻋﻔﺮاﻧﻠﻮ، ﺷﺎدﻟﻮ و ﻗﺮاﭼﻮرﻟﻮ ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ در اواﯾﻞ دوﻟﺖ ﺻﻔﻮﯾﻪ ﺑﺮای ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﺧﺖ و ﺗﺎز ﺗﺮﮐﻤﺎﻧﺎ ازﺑﮑﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮزﻫﺎی ﺷﻤﺎل اﯾﺮان ﮐﻮﭼﺎﻧﺪه ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ. ﺗﺮک ﻫﺎ ﮐﻪ در اﮐﺜﺮ ﻧﻘﺎط اﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﺎن ﭘﺮاﮐﻨﺪه ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﭘﯿﺶ از اﺳﻼم از ﻣﺎوراءاﻟﻨﻬﺮ ﮐﻮﭼﺎﻧﺪه ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ و ﺗﺮﮐﻤﻦ ﻫﺎ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ در ﺑﺨﺶ ﺟﺮﮔﻼن اﻗﺎﻣﺖ داﺷﺘﻪ و اﮐﺜﺮاً از اﯾﻞ گوکلان طایفه مستقل نخورلی، تکه و آتا می باشند.

investigating the development of tourism in north khorasan

obstacles to the development of tourism in iran, especially in north khorasan province, include political, social, cultural and economic restrictions that have hindered the tourism industry. tourism is an industry with an increasing rate of growth in the world, which has taken a large share of the economic development of countries. the history and nature of the four seasons of the country and north khorasan province have provided the necessary platform for the development of this industry. however, despite the existence of many attractions, this industry has almost no place in our country, and there are many obstacles to tourism in khorasan. the problems and obstacles to the development of tourism from the perspective of the province s environment include various factors, which include: political obstacles to the development of tourism, economic obstacles tourism development, social barriers to tourism development and airport problems, lack of accommodation units, transportation deficiencies, lack of welfare centers.