a meta-analysis of the safety and immunogenicity of nanoparticle-based mrna vaccines

Aim and background: improvements are required to enable the successful development of mrna vaccines that have so far proven difficult to control with conventional approaches. the safety and immunogenicity of nanoparticles as mrna vaccine delivery systems was investigated. methods: a systematic review meta-analysis was carried out by two reviewers independently and manually searching english databases (pubmed, scopus, and web of science) for data till march 2023, resulting in 43 research articles. after the quality screening, a final selection of 38 articles was made for further analysis. database were searched using the terms nanoparticles , mrna vaccines , cancer and delivery system . studies in animal models utilizing any nanoparticle-based vaccines, where the efficacy and the survival rate was described. results and discussion: our findings showed several types of mrna vaccine candidates with different delivery systems against cancer, including lipid-based mrna vaccines, polymer-based mrna vaccines, cationic-nanoemulsion-based mrna vaccines and protamine-based mrna vaccines, are being developed and launched. we have compared these delivery systems in terms of their efficacy, seroconversion, and side effects based on data reported in the literature. we found lipid-based mrna vaccines appeared to have better efficacy, and lipid-based delivery system had fewer side effects and similar seroconversion in all types of vaccines. conclusion: since each vaccine delivery system has its own strong and weak points, the understanding of mrna vaccine delivery systems should be enhanced, so as to promote the vaccination