investigating advanced biological properties of poly (glycolic acid)/bioactive glass-collagen scaffold nanoparticles and their potential to promote bone lineage differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells

Aim and background: the use of tissue engineering and appropriate scaffolds to improve the healing process of non-grafted bone fractures is increasing. this study aimed to investigate the effect of 45s5 bioglass nanoparticles (bgnps) on the biological properties of collagen-polyglycolic acid (pga) scaffold, focusing on its potential for bone tissue engineering. in addition, an experiment was performed on the biological properties of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (bm-mscs) in a pga and bg collagen sponge scaffold.methods: porous scaffolds containing collagen-pga blends with various quantities of bgnps were fabricated by the dehydro-thermal method, and the morphological properties, bioactivity, and mechanical behavior of scaffolds with were analyzed. subsequently, an assessment was conducted on the scaffolds biocompatibility and capacity for osteogenic differentiation through the introduction of mesenchymal stem cells (mscs).results and discussion:scaffolds constructed using collagen-pga and bg were discovered to have interconnected pores dependent on the proportion of bg applied. simulated body fluid (sbf) soaking investigations revealed that scaffolds were stable in sbf independent of composition while retaining their highly interconnected structure. the bg/collagen-pga 40/60 and 70/30 scaffolds outperformed the original bg/collagen-pga regarding elastic moduli, cell survival, and osteogenic differentiation. these findings show that bg inclusion improved the physical stability of the collagen-pga scaffold.conclusion: bg enhanced the mechanical properties of composite scaffolds and the osteogenic differentiation of mscs in vitro. the bgnps component enhances collagen-pga scaffolds physical stability, mechanical strength, and biological activity. scaffold composites may enhance the treatment of non-union fractures in vivo.