self-care in patients during end-of-life stages: a literature review

Introduction: end-of-life care involves a holistic approach to supporting patients with terminal illnesses by addressing their physical, emotional, and spiritual needs. self-care, as a proactive and patient-centered approach, empowers individuals to actively engage in activities that promote their well-being. this literature review aims to provide an overview of existing research on the significance of self-care in patients during the end-of-life stages. methods: a comprehensive search was conducted across electronic databases, including pubmed, and cinahl, to identify relevant studies published between 2010 and 2023. the search terms included 'self-care,' 'end-of-life care,' 'terminal illness,' and 'palliative care.' results: dimensions of self-care: physical self-care: maintaining physical comfort through pain management, proper nutrition, and managing symptoms is crucial for patients in the final stages of life. research highlights the positive impact of pain relief techniques and symptom management on patients' overall well-being. emotional self-care: patients facing end-of-life stages often experience emotional distress, including anxiety, depression, and fear. practicing emotional self-care, through techniques such as counseling, mindfulness, and art therapy, has been shown to alleviate emotional suffering. social self-care: maintaining social connections with loved ones and participating in social activities can help patients maintain a sense of belonging and reduce feelings of isolation. studies emphasize the role of social support in enhancing patients' quality of life. spiritual self-care: exploring and addressing patients' spiritual beliefs and needs is an integral aspect of end-of-life care. engaging in spiritual practices, seeking meaning, and connecting with one's beliefs can offer comfort and solace to patients during this phase. research consistently demonstrates that self-care practices positively impact patients' overall quality of life during the end-of-life stages. patients who engage in self-care strategies experience improved physical comfort, enhanced emotional well-being, and a greater sense of control over their lives.conclusion: the multidimensional nature of self-care, encompassing physical, emotional, social, and spiritual aspects, underscores the importance of a holistic approach to end-of-life care. healthcare providers should integrate self-care strategies into the care plans of patients facing terminal illnesses to ensure a dignified and comfortable journey towards the end of life