numerical analysis of flow in a 2d lid-driven cavity with sinusoidal edges

A cavity with a movable lid is a significant fluid mechanics system that serves as a benchmark for testing numerical methods and for studying fundamental aspects of incompressible flow in bounded volumes guided by the tangential motion of a boundary wall. in this research, a numerical investigation of the flow inside a rectangular cavity with a movable lid and the sinusoidal side edges has been conducted. the obtained data has been compared to the findings of a reference article to validate the results. furthermore, an analysis of the obtained velocity contours and streamlines at various reynolds numbers has been performed and compared with each other. the results indicated that the sinusoidal geometry induces the growth of corner vortices in the lower part of the cavity, enhancing the mixing of the flow in the lower half. additionally, this geometry leads to the growth of a sinusoidal velocity distribution at the cavity surface, effectively reducing the wavelength of velocity oscillations