nano-catalytic biodiesel production from carthamus tinctorius insupercritical methanol medium

Biodiesel is considered one of the most promising clean and renewable energy sources asa viable alternative to diesel fuels. this study aimed to produce biodiesel from thecarthamus tinctorius (safflower) plant in a supercritical methanol environment using abatch reactor with a volume of 60 ml. the process was carried out under the designedconditions in sas jmp software, which was also used to optimize the process. the resultswere analyzed using the response surface methodology (rsm). the yield of biodieselproduced was reported to be 70.75% when the process was carried out without a catalyst.the findings indicate that producing biodiesel from vegetable oils under supercriticalconditions is a promising method with high yield and efficiency.