distribution and frequency of urinary stone types with bacterial origin in canine urolithiasis

This study analyzed the prevalence, chemical composition, and bacterial association of urinary stones in 75 dogs treated at the iranian pet hospital. the data gathered from the iranian pet hospital. through the fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ftir) method, uroliths were analyzed and with direct culture method some of which had undergone a bacterial culture. statistical analysis using spss highlighted the distribution and prevalence of stone types. the dog group was mixed in different breeds including shih tzu, pomeranian, terrier, poodle, and so on. the age was 7 years old on the average. chemical analysis of the stones showed four main components: calcium oxalate (50.20%), ammonium magnesium phosphate (struvite) (48.49%), cysteine (0.66%), and uric acid (0.66%). calcium oxalate and struvite stones were the most common, dominating canine urolithiasis cases. bacterial cultures were performed on thirty percent of the stones, out of which seventy percent contained struvite , and thirty percent calcium oxalate. the bacterial isolates identified included staphylococcus pseudintermedius, proteus mirabilis, and klebsiella spp. struvite stones, in particular, were associated with urinary tract infections, as these bacteria promote urine alkalinity, leading to the crystallization of struvite. this was followed by an antibiogram for antibiotic prescriptions for dogs with stones with higher amounts of struvite components to eliminate the bacterial infections. this study underscores the importance of management of bacterial infection, which is critical in dogs developing struvite stones, in order to avoid recurrence. calcium oxalate stones were less often associated with the presence of bacteria؛ thus, their origin was considered to be more metabolic. further, specific therapy for each dog with the use of antibiogram for proper choice of antibiotic in order to avoid antibiotic resistance and also lifestyle and food changes are also because of their predisposition toward a developing these kinds of stones.