antimicrobial resistance: a global threat

Antimicrobial resistance (amr) has been identified by the world health organization (who) as one of the top ten public health threats globally. it is a complex issue that significantly endangers public health worldwide. the inappropriate use and over-prescription of antibiotics in human medicine, veterinary practices, and agriculture have intensified the emergence of resistant bacteria, resulting in many infections becoming increasingly challenging, if not impossible, to treat. amr affects countries of all income levels and does not adhere to national boundaries. its repercussions are extensive, influencing not only human health but also animal health, food security, and environmental safety. the potential consequences are severe, with projections indicating that by 2050, drug-resistant infections could lead to more fatalities than cancer. additionally, the financial impact of amr is considerable, as healthcare expenses soar due to longer hospitalizations, costly alternative treatments, and decreased productivity. tackling amr necessitates a comprehensive strategy that requires cooperation among governments, healthcare providers, pharmaceutical companies, and the public. initiatives to counter amr include developing new antibiotics, enhancing the responsible use of existing ones, establishing robust surveillance systems, and implementing public education programs to promote the judicious use of antibiotics.in summary, the global challenge of antimicrobial resistance calls for urgent and collaborative efforts across all sectors to maintain the effectiveness of antibiotics and protect public health for future generations. neglecting this critical issue could lead to catastrophic outcomes, making amr a vital concern for health authorities and policymakers globally. we strongly recommend the prompt establishment of a reference center in iran to monitor and manage amr.