antibacterial resistance of staphylococcus aureus isolated from hospital infections and clinical bovine mastitis

The increasing prevalence of antibiotic use and the corresponding rise in bacterial resistance necessitate a thorough investigation into the resistance and susceptibility profiles of bacterial strains. this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility of staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus) isolates obtained from hospital infections and clinical mastitis in cattle.a total of 60 pre-existing s. aureus isolates were examined, comprising 40 isolates from clinical mastitis cases and 20 from hospital infections. these isolates were analyzed using the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) for six antibiotic agents were determined. the ecof finder software was utilized to categorize the strains into wild and non-wild types. results were interpreted in accordance with clinical and laboratory standards institute (clsi) guidelines to assess the level of resistance to the tested antimicrobial agents. the study revealed significant resistance rates for the tested antibiotics when evaluated against human standards: penicillin (100%), ceftriaxone (66.66%), gentamicin (66.66%), oxytetracycline (78.33%), and ciprofloxacin (81.66%). in terms of livestock criteria, the resistance rates were also high, with penicillin at 91.66%, enrofloxacin at 85%, and oxytetracycline at 96.66%. analysis indicated that the prevalence of non-wild strains was as follows: penicillin (31.66%), ceftriaxone (3.33%), gentamicin (0%), oxytetracycline (3.33%), ciprofloxacin (0%), and enrofloxacin (0%).the findings indicate alarmingly high levels of resistance to the tested antibiotics, consistent with both animal and human standards. specifically, the resistance levels for penicillin, ceftriaxone, gentamicin, oxytetracycline, and ciprofloxacin were classified as extremely high, very high, very high, extremely high, and extremely high, respectively. these results highlight the urgent need for improved antibiotic stewardship and the development of alternative treatment strategies to combat the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance in s. aureus infections.