innovative antiviral strategies: combatting canine viral diseases with next-generation therapeutics

Canine viral diseases such as canine parvovirus (cpv), canine distemper virus (cdv), canine adenovirus (cav), and canine coronavirus (ccov) present significant health challenges, often leading to high morbidity and mortality rates among dogs. traditional treatments, predominantly relying on supportive care and vaccinations, frequently fall short due to antiviral resistance, incomplete vaccine coverage, and lack of specific antiviral therapies. this review explores the emergence of next-generation antivirals targeting these canine viral pathogens, emphasizing the latest advancements in drug development, novel therapeutic targets, and the efficacy of these innovative treatments. new-generation antivirals encompass a variety of compounds, including nucleoside analogs, protease inhibitors, and immune modulators, each designed to disrupt specific stages of the viral life cycle. these antivirals have demonstrated promising results in both preclinical and clinical studies. notable developments include the use of gs-441524 and monoclonal antibodies against cpv, favipiravir and remdesivir for cdv, and novel rna interference (rnai) strategies. through a comprehensive analysis of recent research, this article provides insights into the mechanisms of action, therapeutic potential, and clinical implications of these new antivirals. the advancements discussed highlight the potential for these treatments to significantly improve health outcomes in canine populations, offering targeted and effective solutions to previously intractable viral diseases. this review underscores the importance of continued research and development in the field of veterinary virology, paving the way for innovative therapies that can mitigate the impact of viral diseases on dogs globally.