prevalence of cryptosporidium protozoa in domestic livestock (cattle, sheep, and horses) in shiraz, iran: a microscopic assessment

Cryptosporidium is an intracellular protozoan parasite belonging to the apicomplexa phylum, with around 16 identified species and 40 genotypes. this parasite causes diarrheal disease in humans and various animals. the present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of cryptosporidium in cattle, sheep, and horses in shiraz, iran using microscopic techniques. a total of 189 fecal samples were collected from livestock farms and riding clubs in shiraz. samples were stored in 2.5% potassium dichromate solution and analyzed using the flotation concentration method (sheeter) and modified ziehl-neelsen staining under light microscopy. overall, 43 (22.7%) of the samples were microscopically positive for cryptosporidium. the prevalence rates were 30.1% (19/63) in cattle, 20.6% (13/63) in sheep, and 17.4% (11/63) in horses. this study revealed a significant prevalence of cryptosporidium in livestock in shiraz, with cattle having the highest infection rate. these findings underscore the need for effective control measures and continuous monitoring to mitigate the impact of cryptosporidiosis on livestock health and productivity. reliable diagnostic methods are crucial for accurate detection and management of this parasitic disease in farm animals.