بررسی مولفه‌های موثر بر آمایش دفاعی سرزمین

جنگ از عناصر پایدار در جوامع بشری در دوره های مختلف می باشد. با وجود تحولات و پیشرفت های صورت گرفته در عرصه های مختلف فناوری های دفاعی- امنیتی، همچنان جنگ و تهدید سرزمین ها را تحت شعاع خود قرار داده و حکومت ها را برآن می دارد که با روش‌های مختلف تلاش کنند تا با کمترین هزینه و آسیب با آن مواجه شوند. در این میان آمایش دفاعی سرزمین، یکی از استراتژی‌های برجسته پیش روی حکومت ها در دوره های مختلف بوده است. با توجه به تغییر در ماهیت جنگ از سخت به سوی جنگ هوشمند قاعدتا عوامل موثر بر آمایش دفاعی سرزمین دچار تحول و تغییرات گسترده‌ای شده است. بر این مبنا، مقاله حاضر تلاش دارد که با نگرشی جامع و جدید این مولفه های موثر بر آمایش دفاعی سرزمین ها را مبتنی بر یافته های کتابخانه ای و میدانی (مصاحبه) مورد بررسی و استخراج قرار دهد. نتایج حاصل از یافته های کتابخانه ای و مصاحبه نشان دهنده آن است که مولفه های موثر بر آمایش دفاعی سرزمین متناسب با تحولات صورت گرفته در شکل و نوع جنگ ها و تهدیدات شامل 130 مولفه می باشد که جهت درک بهتر آنها را می‌توان در قالب 15 بعد اقتصادی، سیاسی، اجتماعی، فرهنگی، ژئوپلیتیکی، امنیتی، نظامی، جمعیتی، علمی- بهداشتی، اقلیمی، ژئومورفولوژی، خاک‌ها، هیدرولوژی، زیستی و ریاضی دسته بندی کرد. در مجموع، تحول در ماهیت جنگ ها ضرورت تغییر در آمایش دفاعی سرزمین برای حکومت ها را ضرورت بخشیده است که باید متناسب با نتایج تحقیق حاضر مورد بررسی و بحث قرار گیرد.

investigating the influencing factors in defense planning

introductiondevelopments in recent decades have caused wars to undergo extensive transformations and changes in terms of nature, corresponding to this change of governments, in order to face these developments and changes, it is necessary to change one's outlook and perception in designing strategy so, they can move in harmony with the evolution of the nature of wars and reduce the challenges and damages caused by it on their territory as much as possible. in the meantime for prevention of the strategy of defense of the territory according to the new nature of wars, it can have a prominent position. because the land defense plan as one of the land plan approaches is trying to rationally organize the land according to its capacities and potentials with an emphasis on defense and security. in a way that can maintain the security and integrity of the land, guarantee the independence and protection of the people against any attack and threat of the enemy, insecurity, create gaps and faults, wise and appropriate distribution of vital places and sensitive centers and infrastructures, balanced distribution of defense forces- it provided security in the territory on according to the capacities and facilities of the territory. based on this, the present research seeks to extract the effective components on the design of the defense strategy of the middle east countries, so that based on it, they can reduce the insecurity and costs (financial and life) to the extent while maintaining their survival to reduce the space of the country.research methodologythe current research method is based on content analysis and library and field sources (interview) were used to collect information. in the library findings section, components have been extracted from past theories and works, and in the second step, the components have been confirmed by interviewing seven of the scientific-military elites and reaching theoretical saturation.results and discussionthe studies conducted to extract the components affecting the defense of the middle east countries show the absence of a comprehensive scientific theory and work in this field, and various theories and works have been used to extract the components. in this context, 12 theories and eight experiences of defense training of different countries have been examined and analyzed, and based on them, 130 components have been extracted and provided to experts and thinkers in this field. the field of theoretical saturation has been extracted with seven scientific-military elites. the results of the examination of the theories and approaches that have been collected in the field of topics related to the defense of the land, along with the interviews that have been conducted with related experts and thinkers, show that both parts are various factors on the diversity and extent of 130 components have been effective in designing the defense strategy of the middle east countries, which are given in the form of 15 dimensions in the form of the following table based on importance:table 3: distribution of research components in 15 dimensions derived from theories and approaches