بازخوانی تغییر سطح تعاملات اجتماعی در معنابخشی به خانه در سینمای ایران مطالعه موردی: آثار داریوش مهرجویی در دهه های 80-60

از نظر روان‌شناسی انسان موجودی اجتماعی است و با ساختن خانه، هستی خود را عینیت می‌بخشد؛ لذا خانه انسان علاوه بر ابعاد کالبدی و اقلیمی آن، تحت‌تاثیر مولفه‌های فرهنگی اجتماعی قرار دارد. هدف این پژوهش بازخوانی تاثیر تغییر سطح تعاملات اجتماعی از دهه 60 تا دهه 80 خورشیدی در معنابخشی به «خانه» و ایجاد حس تعلق به آن در آثار داریوش مهرجویی، از کارگردان مولف است که به بازنمایی زندگی زیسته مردم جامعه می‌پردازد. برای نیل به این منظور روایت سه اثر «اجاره‌نشین‌ها»، «مهمان مامان» و «طهران تهران» که دارای قهرمانان جمعی با نگرش‌هایی متفاوت به «خانه» هستند، با استفاده از روش نشانه‌شناسی رولان بارت مورد تحلیل قرار گرفته‌اند و پنج مفهوم رمزگان هرمنوتیکی، معنایی، نمادین، کنشی، ارجاعی در نشانه‌شناسی فوق در سکانس‌های منتخبی از فیلم‌های مذکور باتکیه‌بر استراتژی تایید سه تن از همکاران پژوهشی حوزه جامعه‌شناسی مورد تحلیل قرار گرفته‌اند. نتایج نشان می‌دهد روابط همسایگی مهم‌ترین عامل ایجاد روح مکان در آثار موردمطالعه است. ساختار سنتی محله‌ها در مقایسه با ساختارهای مدرن شهری به دلیل نظام فرهنگی فضایی خود قابلیت‌های بیشتری را برای ظهور و بروز روابط انسانی عاطفی در میان همسایگان فراهم می‌کند و در سیر خطی آثار داریوش مهرجویی، هر چه جامعه به سمت مدرن‌تر شدن با رویکرد تولید مسکن به‌جای خانه می‌رود که باعث کم‌رنگ‌شدن روابط اجتماعی میان شهروندان می‌شود بر لزوم بازاندیشی در معماری و شهرسازی معاصر جهت فراهم‌کردن امکان تعامل سازنده انسان با مکان زندگی و توسعه پایدار شهری از منظر اجتماعی فرهنگی تاکید می‌شود.

rereading the changing level of social interactions in giving meaning to home in iranian cinema case study: dariush mehrjoui's films in the 60s-80s

introduction: in aspect of psychology, man is a social being and by making home, he objectifies his existence. therefore, in addition to its physical and climatic dimensions, the home is influenced bymany cultural and social components. the purpose of this research is to review the impact of the changing level of social interactions in giving meaning to home and creating a sense of belonging to it in dariush mehrjoui’s films, who represents the lived life of the people of the society in his films.methodology: in this research, ejare neshinha, mehman e maman and tehran tehran which have collective protagonists with different attitudes towards home have been analyzed by roland barthes semiotics. therefore, as a first step the totality of the narratives has been described from the view of the effect of social interactions in meaning home in the lives of the characters of the narratives by using library studies on the semantics of home in the field of phenomenology and observation tools. then, the scene which is the result of the collective activity of the residents and has an important role in unraveling the problems raised in the narrative, has been selected as the unit of analysis in all of them. and the five concepts of hermeneutic, semantic, symbolic, action, referential codes in the above semiotics have been analyzed based on the confirmation strategy of three research colleagues in the field of sociology.results: the results show that neighborhood relations are the most important factor in creating the spirit of a place in the studied films. also, in the semiotic analysis of layers of meaning based on hermeneutic codes, the body and material (physical) characteristics of the living place are shown as an important and influential factor in shaping the social interactions of the residents. the implicit and symbolic meanings found in the films indicate that intimate neighborly relations are the most important factors in creating the spirit of a place, especially the sense of identity, vitality and psycho-social security in residents. according to action and referential codes, the traditional houses and the traditional structure of the neighborhoods provide more capabilities for the emergence of human-emotional relationships among neighbors compared to modern urban structures due to their cultural-spatial system.conclusion: the linear analysis of dariush mehrjoui's thought in giving meaning to home shows that as urban structures became more modern and the concept of house becomes more prominent than home which causes social relations between citizens to fade, the display of traditions through explicit and implicit signs and their impact on human relationships and giving meaning to the place of life is more emphasized in his films. therefore, by examining the concepts, signs and semantic implications in the mise-en-scène and stage design of cinematic movies, it is possible to study, analyze and theorize about the impact of contemporary architecture on the society. these theories can redefine the iranian-islamic identity of the society, and provide the possibility of constructive human interaction with the place of life in order to achieve sustainable urban development