پهنه بندی کشت کلزا در استان فارس با استفاده از عناصر اقلیمی و زمینی

ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ راه های ﺑﺮﺍی ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻭ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ فعالیت‌های ﺯﺭﺍﻋﻰ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻏﻰ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ، ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ می باشد. ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ دانه‌های ﺭﻭﻏﻨﻰ ﻛﻠﺰﺍ ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ پتانسیل‌های ﺧﻮﺏ ﻛﺸﻮﺭ درزمینه فعالیت‌های ﺯﺭﺍﻋﻰ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍی ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩی ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭی ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ازنظر ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻰ ﺣﺎﺋﺰ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻧﻰ هست اﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎﻥ ﺗﻨﺎﻭﺑﻰ ﺑﺎ ﮔﻨﺪﻡ می‌باشد ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍی ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭی ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﮔﻨﺪﻡ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ حتماً˝ ﻫﺮ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ یک‌بار ﻛﻠﺰﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻨﺎﻭﺏ ﺑﺎ ﮔﻨﺪﻡ ﻛﺸﺖ ﺷﻮﺩ. بنابراین ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ٥٢ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺍﺭﺍﺿﻰ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻛﺸﺖ ﮔﻨﺪﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﮕﻮی ﻛﺸﺖ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻠﺰﺍ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ یابد. طبق آمار 1401 استان فارس پنجمین استان در برداشت از کلزا در واحد سطح و میزان آن می باشد .پژوهش ﺣﺎﺿﺮ باهدف ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺍﻗﻠﻴﻤﻰ و ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻰ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ درکشت ﻛﻠﺰﺍ ﻭ پهنه‌بندی ﻧﻮﺍﺣﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺪ ﻛﺸﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻓﺎﺭﺱ، انجام‌شده ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺟﻬﺖ پهنه‌بندی نقشه‌های ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎی ﺍﻗﻠﻴﻤﻰ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺭﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻧﻤﻮ ﻛﻠﺰﺍ ابتدا با ﺭﻭﺵ ahp در expert choice به وزن لایه‌ها پرداخته‌شده سپس با سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی نسبت به پهنه‌بندی اقدام شده است.ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻘﺸﻪ تهیه‌شده 33524 کیلومترمربع ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﺍی ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ،48226 کیلومترمربع ﺁﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﺍی ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ، 30062 کیلومترمربع ﺍﺯ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ ﺁﻥ بااستعداد ﺿﻌﻴﻒ ﻭ 10783 کیلومترمربع ﺁﻥ ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻛﺸﺖ ﻛﻠﺰﺍ می‌باشد. مناطق با استعداد زیاد شامل بخش ﺯﻳﺎﺩی ﺍﺯ قسمت‌های ﻏﺮﺑﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ می‌شودکهعبارت‌اند ﺍﺯ ﻓﻴﺮﻭﺯﺁﺑﺎﺩ،ﺷﻴﺮﺍﺯ، ﺯﺭﻗﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﺯﺟﺎﻥ می‌باشد. بااستعداد ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ قسمت‌های ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻰ، ﺷﺮﻗﻰ ﻭ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ به‌صورت ﭘﺮﺍﻛﻨﺪﻩ قسمت‌های از شمال ﻭ ﻏﺮﺏ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ برگرفته است و ﻻﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻓﺴﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ واقع‌شده‌اند.مناطق با استعدا ضعیف استان به‌صورت ﭘﺮﺍﻛﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ قسمت‌های ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻰ، ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﺷﺮﻗﻰ ﻭ ﺷﻤﺎﻟﻰ واقع‌شده ﺍﺳﺖ . مناطق فاقد استعداد ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ ﺗﺤﺖ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﺍ می‌باشد. ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺷﻤﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺁﺑﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻗﻠﻴﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ شده اند.

zoning of calona cultivation in fars province using climatic and land elements

one of the ways to develop and expand agricultural and horticultural activities in the country is the optimal use of land. among these, the production of rapeseed oil is one of the good agricultural potentials of the country, which holds significant economic value and is highly important from a nutritional perspective. rapeseed is one of the best rotational crops with wheat, and to ensure the sustainability of wheat production, it must be cultivated with wheat every four years. therefore, 52% of the land under wheat cultivation in the sustainable crop pattern should be allocated to rapeseed. according to the 1401 statistics, fars province ranks fifth in the country in terms of rapeseed yield per unit area and production volume. the present research aims to identify the climatic and land factors affecting rapeseed cultivation and to zone the areas suitable for this cultivation in fars province. to perform the zoning, the relevant maps for climatic parameters influencing rapeseed growth were first weighted using the ahp method in expert choice software, and then zoning was done using geographic information systems. according to the map produced, 33,524 square kilometers of the province’s area have high potential, 48,226 square kilometers have suitable potential, 30,062 square kilometers have low potential, and 10,783 square kilometers have no potential for rapeseed cultivation. areas with high potential cover a large part of the western regions of the province, including firuzabad, shiraz, zarghan, and borazjan. areas with suitable potential are mainly located in the southern, eastern, and scattered northern and western parts of the province, including larestan and fasa. areas with low potential are scattered in the southern, southeastern, and northern parts of the province. areas without potential occupy the smallest covered area, located in the northern part of the province, where abadeh and eqlid are situated