a ternary nanobiocomposite involving magnetic carboxymethyl cellulose-silk fibroin hydrogel and magnetic iron oxide particles exhibiting excellent biological activity and hyperthermia of cancer therapy

Hyperthermia therapy, the heating of cancer cells to between 42-45 °c, can be considered an effective method as cancer therapeutics. cancer cell deformation and inducing apoptosis happen when the temperature is increased to 42-45 ° c. heating probes for local heating of cancer tissue can form injury, so it is necessary to design a system to target the tissue out of the body and could be controlled simply. magnetic hydrogel nanobiocomposites based on nanomaterials are significant as magnetic systems in hyperthermia therapy. the presence of magnetic nanoparticles in a polymer gel matrix can generate remote heating in an external magnetic field. hydrogels with high biocompatibility possess native extracellular matrix (ecm) similarity and low toxicity. therefore, their application in this field is advantageous. hydrogels can be classified into two groups natural and synthetic based on their polymer contents. natural hydrogels are nontoxic, biodegradable, and could be a proper matrix for cell growth and proliferation. the incorporation of various nanoparticulate materials within a hydrogel matrix forms a system that can be controlled from the outside by the external field. the most widely used magnetic nanoparticles in biomedicine are iron oxides which are inherently toxic to the body, but when they are placed inside a hydrogel matrix, their biocompatibility is increased for in-vivo application. in this research, a magnetic core-shell nanobiocomposite was fabricated based on carboxy methyl cellulose hydrogel (cmc hydrogel). carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogel was prepared using epichlorohydrin as a cross-linking agent. afterward, silk fibroin was added to the hydrogel. finally, fe3o4 mnps oxide nanoparticles were synthesized in situ with cmc hydrogel/sf to form a core-shell structure. the nanocomposite was subjected to ft-ir, fe-sem, tga, vsm, edx and xrd characteristic analyses. according to the particle size histogram, most of the particles were between 55-77 nm, and the value of saturation magnetization of this nanobiocomposite was reported 41.65 emu.g− 1. also, mtt and hemolysis tests were implemented to determine the biological properties of the composite. hemolysis and mtt tests showed that the designed magnetic nanobiocomposite was compatible with the blood. the viability percentage of hek293t normal cells did not change significantly, and the proliferation rate of bt549 cancer cells decreased in its vicinity. the specific absorption rate (sar) of 69 w/g (for the 1 mg/ml sample at 200 khz) was measured under the alternating magnetic field (amf). all the mentioned results indicate that the cmc hydrogel/sf/fe3o4 nanobiocomposite can be considered as a great potential candidate for cancer therapy.