driving innovation and entrepreneurship by universities

Innovation and entrepreneurship are two important concepts that are often associated with universities. universities play a crucial role in driving innovation by fostering entrepreneurship, encouraging collaboration with the private sector, promoting diversity and inclusion, and exploring the nexus of technology and society. many universities, including university of tehran, offer courses and programs in entrepreneurship and innovation to help students developing the knowledge and skills necessary to transform innovative ideas into positive impact. the entrepreneurial courses provide the foundation for understanding the processes, finances, and context of entrepreneurship. in fact, they bridge the gap from the theoretical to the practical and offer invaluable takeaways for the real world of startups. these are completed by establishing the innovation centers to encourage innopreneurship ideas to achieve a well- defined poc, (trl1 to trl3), and incubation centers to take care of startups to continue their journey to a sustainable mvp, (trl4 to trl6), and eventually science and technology parks (stps) to support products scale up (trl7-trl9). in the present work, the ways that universities may drive innovation and entrepreneurship in a knowledge-based economy are discussed. in this regard, design thinking scheme is considered as a potent tool and technique to bridge ideas to the market (customer)-economy-technology golden triangle.