analysis of the social implications of population movements in rural settlements (case study: langarud county in northern iran)

Purpose: the present study aims to illuminate the social effects of population movements in the villages of langarud county.methods: this research is applied in terms of its objective and employs both qualitative and quantitative approaches. it is descriptive-analytical in terms of method and execution. additionally, data analysis was carried out using spss software.results: the findings indicated that the positive and negative social consequences of out-migration include improvement in the quality of life of migrants, disorder, and chaos among villagers and destination cities, a lack of sense of place among migrants, population imbalances in villages and cities, and increased awareness and education among migrants. among these effects, the most prominent was an improvement in the quality of life of migrants. furthermore, there was an increase in awareness and education among villagers as a result of in-migration in the villages of langarud county: changes in food habits, progress in rural development plans, increased youth literacy among the rural populace, and also unity and cohesion among villagers. among these. the most significant was the increase in literacy among the rural youth.conclusion: the issue of migration in villages should be addressed fundamentally and rationally. considering all factors, efforts should be made to minimize migration from langarud villages to nearby towns and instead facilitate migration from village to village or from village to town.