evaluation commercialization challenges and resolutions in smes using ml-fcm (case study: sanat prozheh toos)

Commercialization of innovative products in small and medium-sized enterprises (smes) faces many challenges. in this study, the factors related to the existing challenges and resolutions are identified with the help of the multi-layer fuzzy cognitive mapping (ml-fcm) method. the most effective criterion is introduced by examining the centrality. also, the challenges and the existing resolutions to overcome these challenges are specified, and the most effective ones are determined. the present study addresses the practical experience of sanat prozheh toos company, which operates in the design and production of mechanical noise pollution control equipment (e.g., silencers). the data is collected based on the organization’s documents and experts’ opinions. research findings confirm that among the challenges of commercialization of innovative products associated with the case study, management challenge has the highest degree of effectiveness and centrality; moreover, among the ways of overcoming these challenges, organizational integration has the highest degree of centrality. thus, the findings provide policy and management suggestions for smes policymakers and managers in commercializing advanced technologies.