cufe₂o₄@sio₂-ea: a novel, green, and recyclable nanomagnetic catalyst for synthesis of pyrimido[4,5-𝑑] pyrimidines derivatives

In this study, a new magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with ethylamine (cufe2o4@sio2-ea) was synthesized as a heterogeneous and recyclable catalyst. this catalyst was used in the synthesis of pyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidine derivatives via one-pot three-component reaction of aromatic aldehydes, barbituric acid/thiobarbituric acid, and urea/thiourea in water solvent at 80 °c. techniques including scanning electron microscopy (sem), thermal gravimetric analysis (tga), x-ray diffraction (xrd), transmission electron microscopy (tem), vibrating sample magnetometry (vsm), and energy dispersive x-ray analysis (edx) were used to elucidate the catalyst structure. due to the magnetism of these nanocatalysts, they can be easily separated from the reaction medium using a simple magnet and used multiple times without significant reduction in catalytic activity.