بررسی اسماء و صفات الهی در دیباچۀ مخزن ‌الاسرار و هفت‌ پیکر نظامی گنجوی با رویکرد تحلیل گفتمان انتقادی فرکلاف

شاعران در دیباچۀ آثار خود به طرح مسائل گوناگون از جمله ستایش پروردگار و برشمردن اسماء و صفاتش می پردازند و آراء خود را دربارۀ آن ها بیان می کنند. در این پژوهش، اسماء و صفات الهی در دیباچۀ مخزن‌الاسرار و هفت‌پیکر نظامی با رویکرد تحلیل گفتمان انتقادیِ «فرکلاف» نقد و تحلیل شده اند. الگوی سه بُعدی فرکلاف برای تحلیل متن ها عبارت است از: توصیف، تفسیر و تبیین. هدف نهایی فرکلاف از الگوی سه بعدی خود، روشن ساختن ارتباط میان متن، گفتمانی که متن در آن تولید می شود و مناسبات قدرت و ایدئولوژی و هژمونی است تا سرانجام مشخص شود که متن در جهت تحکیم و بازتولیدِ گفتمان ها و ایدئولوژی هایِ مسلط است، آن ها را به چالش می کشد یا تغییر می دهد. پرسش بنیادین این پژوهش که با روش توصیفی‌‌تحلیلی به انجام رسیده، این است که نظامی چگونه و چرا برخی از اسماء و صفات الهی را پررنگ و برخی دیگر را نفی کرده است؟ برای یافتن پاسخ، متن در دو سطح کلی واژگانی و دستور زبانی بررسی و نقد و تحلیل شد. سرانجام یافته ها نشان داد، بیشتر اسماء و صفات الهی مورد اشارۀ نظامی از مشترکات تمامی فرقه های کلامی اسلامی بوده است؛ البته گاهی هم به اسماء و صفاتی برمی خوریم که منطبق بر تفکر اشعری و ضد کلام معتزله و امامیه است.

examining divine names and attributes in the prologue of nezami’s makhzan al-asrar and haft peyr with the approach of fairclough’s critical discourse analysis

in the prologue of their works, poets have discussed various issues, including praising god and enumerating his names and attributes, and express their opinions about them. in this research, the divine names and attributes in the prologue of the makhzan al-asrar and haft peykar have been criticized and analyzed with the approach of fairclough’s critical discourse analysis. fairclough’s three-dimensional model for analyzing texts comprises: description, interpretation and explanation. farclough’s final goal of his three-dimensional model is to clarify the connection between the text, the discourse in which the text is produced, and the connections of power, ideology, and hegemony, so that it is finally clear that the text is in the direction of consolidating and reproducing discourses and ideology is dominant, challenges or changes them. the fundamental question of this research, which was carried out with a descriptive-analytical method, is how and why nizami highlighted some divine names and attributes and negated others? in order to find the answer, the text was reviewed and analyzed on two general lexical and grammatical levels. finally, the findings indivated that most of the divine names and attributes mentioned by nizami were common to all islamic theological sects; of course, sometimes we come across names and attributes that are in accordance with ash’ari thinking and against the mu’tazila and imamiyyah. introduction:the poetry provided by the 6th century indicates a transformation at the intellectual level. as an instance, attention to religious issues has increased. the emergence of mystic-religious poetry and referring to theological issues, such as the mutazila and ashari conflict, can be found in the poems of this century. makhzan al-asrar and haft peykar are among the works of nezami, in which he has prioritized the religious topics, presented theological topics, and expressed his opinions about divine names and attributes that are referred to as one of the most important topics in monotheism.the fundamental question of this research is that the divine names and attributes in the prologue of makhzan al-asrar and haft peykar are under the influence of what discourses have been proposed and how have each of the discourses been dealth with in terms of governing the society?