the effects of pole dark energy on gravitational waves

In this paper, we have studied the effects of pole dark energy on the evolution of gravitational waves. the background evolution of gravitational waves in a flat frw universe is considered, and its dynamics are studied in the presence of pole dark energy. two different potential functions are considered for the study. using the field equations, we formulated the perturbed equations governing the evolution of gravitational waves with respect to redshift $z$ within the background of the frw universe. subsequently, we delved into the characteristics of gravitational waves for the pole dark energy model and reached interesting results. we also probed the evolution of the gravitational waves for a universe driven by a cosmological constant and used it as a comparison for the results obtained for pole dark energy. from the analysis, we see that pole dark energy is superior as a dark energy model in driving the spacetime disturbances, compared to a cosmological constant.