قراردادهای خرید و فروش برق در چارچوب قانون مدنی

ﻗﺮاردادﻫﺎی ﺧﺮﯾﺪ ﺑﺮق، ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﮥ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺑﺮق ﺑﻪ وﯾﮋه ﺑﺮﺧﯽ اﻗﺴﺎم آن ﻧﻈﯿﺮ ﺑﺮق ﺗﺠﺪﯾﺪﭘﺬﯾﺮ و ﭘﺎک، ﺑﻌﺪ از ﺗﺠﺪﯾﺪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر در ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﺮق ﻣﺮﺳﻮم ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ و اﻣﺮوزه ﺑﻪ ﻣﺜﺎﺑﮥ اﺑﺰاری ﺑﺮای ﺣﻔﻆ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ و ﺗﺄﻣﯿﻦ اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ و ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ از ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪﮔﺬاران در ﻏﺎﻟﺐ ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎی ﺟﻬﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﮔﺴﺘﺮدهای ﺑﻪﮐﺎر ﻣﯽروﻧﺪ. در اﯾﺮان ﻧﯿﺰ، ﭘﺲ از ﺷﺮوع روﻧﺪ ﺗﺠﺪﯾﺪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر در ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺑﺮق و در اﺟﺮای ﺑﻨﺪ ب ﻣﺎدۀ 25 ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﮥ ﭼﻬﺎرم ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ، ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﺗﻮاﻧﯿﺮ و ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺘﻮر وزارت ﻧﯿﺮو ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ و اﻧﻌﻘﺎد ﻗﺮاردادﻫﺎی ﺧﺮﯾﺪ ﺑﺮق اﻗﺪام ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﻗﺮاردادﻫﺎ ﺣﺎوی ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ و اﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﯽاﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ علاوه ﺑﺮ ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﻗﺮاردادﻫﺎ، ﻗﯿﻮد ﺷﺒﮑﮥ ﺳﺮاﺳﺮی ﺑﺮق و ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖﻫﺎی ﻓﻨﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ در آنﻫﺎ ﮔﻨﺠﺎﻧﺪه ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ، ﺿﻤﻦ ﺑﺎزﺧﻮاﻧﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻗﺮاردادﻫﺎ در ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب ﻋﻘﺪ ﺑﯿﻊ در ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﻣﺪﻧﯽ و ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﻗﺮاردادﻫﺎ، ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ داده ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ آﯾﺎ اﯾﻦ دﺳﺖ از ﻗﺮاردادﻫﺎ، در ﻋﻤﻞ، ﻋﻘﺪ ﺑﯿﻊ ﻣﻮردﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﻣﺪﻧﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﯾﺎ ﺟﺰو ﻋﻘﻮد ﻧﺎﻣﻌﯿﻦ ﺑﻪﺷﻤﺎر ﻣﯽروﻧﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﻣﻔﺎد اﯾﻦ ﻗﺮاردادﻫﺎ و ﻫﺪف از ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ آنﻫﺎ، ﻣﻮﺟﻪﺗﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽرﺳﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻘﺪی ﻧﺎﻣﻌﯿﻦ در ﭘﺮﺗﻮ ﻣﺎدۀ 10 ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﻣﺪﻧﯽ ﺗﻠﻘﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.

power purchasing agreement in the framework of civil law

power purchasing agreements (ppa) seek to protect and develop electricity production specifically some kinds like renewable and green electricity. they have been common after restructuring electricity industrial. they now broadly are used as a mean to conservation of environment, electricity security of supply and foreign investment protection around the world. in iran after restructuring of electricity industrial according to article 25(b) of &fourth development program act,” ministry of power and its company (tavanir) designed and concluded some type of power purchasing agreements (ppa). these contracts comprise some terms and conditions, which refer to general rules of contract and either technical restrictions. this article seeks to study these contracts terms and conditions in the framework of sale contract and general rules of contract under iranian civil law. we will answer to this question that these contracts shall be assumed as a sale contract or a specific contract under article 10? it seems to there are not exactly sale contract that has been mentioned in the article 338 and deem to be an especially contract.