investigation of distance relay performance in presence of resistive ‎bridge-type fault current limiter (rbfcl)‎

Due to the development of fault current limiters (fcls) for employment in high voltage (hv) level power system, the possibility of utilizing them in transmission systems has increased. installation fcls have significantly advantages to flexible and reliable operation of power system. despite the more advantages of installation fcls, it affects on the transmission lines protection system, which is commonly protected with distance relays.fcls change the impedance of  transmission lines during fault, which can lead to failure operation of distance relay. in this work, the effect of resistive bridge-type fault current limiter (rbfcl) on the apparent impedance seen by distance relay is investigated. for achieve this, first, the rbfcl is modeled in pscad/emtdc and then the effect of its impact on the distance relay characteristic is evaluated. to this study different short circuit fault including single line to ground (slg) and line to line (ll) faults are taken in to account. simulation results reveal the adverse impact of the rbfcl on distance relay performance.