tips and tricks in molecular imaging: a practical approach

A variety of imaging modalities include x-ray-based computed tomography (ct) scan, ultrasound (us), magnetic resonance imaging (mri), nuclear medical imaging (nmi), and optical imaging (oi) are used to help diagnose and treat diseases through anatomical, physiological, and functional representation. with the advent of molecular imaging using nanoparticles, detailed information about properties is provided and facilitates early detection of malignancies. now, novel approaches in nanoparticle designing, the development of hybrid imaging modalities, and improvements in the sensitivity of instruments have raised the level of disease diagnosis. regarding the fact that the molecular imaging fundamentals and basis of materials as contrast agents are different from each other, we have updated the brief synopsis of basic principles of imaging technique containing important points in detail with a practical approach.