ارزیابی اثرات سیاست‌ها و برنامه‌های بهسازی مساکن روستایی بر ساختار روستایی (مورد مطالعه: روستاهای شهرستان اردکان)

بهسازی مسکن در روستاهای کشور نیازمند دستیابی به شناختی جامع از اوضاع و شرایط اقتصادی - اجتماعی و فرهنگی جوامع روستایی از یک‌سو و آشنایی با معماری مساکن آنان از سوی دیگر است. هدف پژوهش حاضر ارزیابی اثرات برنامه‌ها و سیاست‌های بهسازی مسکن روستایی در ساختار روستایی است. روش تحقیق در این پژوهش از نوع توصیفی- تحلیلی است و داده‌ها به‌روش پیمایشی تهیه شده‌است. برای سنجش اعتبار داده‌ها از ضریب آلفا کرونباخ استفاده شد. جامعه آماری پژوهش ساکنین نواحی روستایی (6378 نفر) که در آنها طرح بهسازی مسکن روستایی اجرا شده‌است. در این پژوهش از روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده استفاده شده‌است. برای تعیین حجم نمونه آماری از جدول بارتلت و همکاران استفاده شد که 209 نفر به‌عنوان جامعه آماری انتخاب شدند. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از تکنیک‌های آماری توصیفی، همبستگی، رگرسیون چند متغیره استفاده شده‌است. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد بین برنامه‌ها و سیاست‌های طرح بهسازی مسکن با ابعاد ساختار روستایی رابطه معنی‌داری وجود دارد. میزان اثرگذاری ابعاد بررسی شده ساختار روستایی برسیاست‌ها و برنامه‌های بهسازی یکسان و یک جهت نیست، بین همه مولفه‌های کالبدی، اقتصادی، زیست‌محیطی و اجتماعی ساختار روستایی با سیاست‌ها و برنامه‌های بهسازی رابطه مستقیم وجود دارد. در بین این ابعاد، بعد کالبدی با ضریب 0.514 اثرگذاری و تبیین بیشتری نسبت به ابعاد دیگر بررسی شده مسکن در پیش بینی سیاست‌ها و برنامه‌های بهسازی دارد. در رتبه دوم اثرگذاری بعد اقتصادی 0.160 تاثیر تبیین بیشتری نسبت به سایر ابعاد دارد.

evaluating impacts of rural housing improvement policies and programs on rural structure: the case of villages of ardakan county

housing has always been a fundamental issue in rural areas. it is the most important element of the physical structure of villages, playing a key role in shaping the spatial-physical structure and construction identity of rural communities. housing reflects how people interact with their surroundings and is shaped by the specific historical, cultural, and socio-economic conditions of each region. it represents the various economic activities, social and cultural mindsets of rural residents, the development and use of technology, and ultimately, the income and livelihoods of the population. rural housing naturally embodies the way of life of different groups, with its patterns and functions offering insight into the spatial-temporal dynamics and prevailing trends in rural life and activities. ardakan is one of the counties in yazd province, located in the northern part of the province. administratively, it comprises three districts (markazi, kharanaq, and aqda), three cities (ardakan, ahmadabad, and aqda), and five rural districts (mohammadieh, robat, zarrin, aqda, and narestan). the county seat is the city of ardakan. according to 2019 statistics, the population of ardakan was 97,960, making it the third most populous county in yazd. approximately 84% of the population lives in urban areas, with the remainder residing in rural areas. the county has 478 villages, of which 143 are inhabited and 335 are uninhabited. in recent years, through the provision of bank loans, there has been significant improvement both in terms of quantity and in the qualitative-technical aspects (such as structural reinforcement) towards sustainable development. this study aims to evaluate the impacts of rural housing improvement on the rural structure, including physical, economic, social, cultural, and environmental aspects. methodologythe research method used in this study is descriptive-analytical, and the data was collected through surveys. the reliability of the data was measured using cronbach’s alpha coefficient. the statistical population consists of residents of rural areas (6,378 people) where the rural housing improvement plan has been implemented. a simple random sampling method was employed. to determine the sample size, bartlett and colleagues’ table was used, resulting in a selection of 209 participants as the sample population. data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, correlation techniques, and multiple regression analysis.findingsthe index of policies and programs for rural housing improvement has been analyzed based on 6 indicators. the overall mean score is 3.09, with a standard deviation of 0.728. among the components of the index for housing improvement policies and programs, the highest average is related to the indicator of attention to rural cultural and architectural patterns (3.67), while the lowest average is related to the indicator of attention to energy consumption patterns (heating and cooling of homes) in the housing sector (2.87).the rural housing structure was analyzed across four dimensions as follows:physical dimension: this dimension includes 5 indicators, with an average score of 2.83. the scores range from a minimum of 2.61 for the indicator related to essential attention to water and electricity in housing to a maximum of 3.08 for the indicator concerning the selection of residential land with consideration of natural hazards (earthquakes and floods).economic dimension: the 5 indicators selected for the economic dimension have an average rank of 2.74.