ارزیابی عدالت فضایی در پرداخت تسهیلات اشتغال ‌زایی روستایی نمونه موردی : شهرستان ‌های استان لرستان

شناخت توزیع فضایی تسهیلات اشتغالزایی در نواحی روستایی کشور و از طرف دیگر برنامه‌ریزی آینده براساس آن، راهی است برای توسعه اقتصادی روستاها که نتیجه آن شکوفایی اقتصاد کشور خواهد بود. هدف تحقیق حاضر، ارزیابی عدالت فضایی در توزیع تسهیلات و روند ایجاد اشتغال‌ در بخش‌ها و گروه‌های عمده فعالیت‌های اقتصادی و پراکنش فضایی آن در نواحی روستایی استان لرستان به تفکیک شهرستان است. این پژوهش از نظر هدف کاربردی و براساس طرح تحقیق توصیفی- تحلیلی است. داده‌های پژوهش از نوع داده‌های ثانویه بوده و از مراجع رسمی کشور (معاونت توسعه کارآفرینی و اشتغالزایی وزارت تعاون، کار و رفاه اجتماعی در آبان سال 1400) جمع آوری شده است. داده‌های پژوهش با استفاده از ابزارها و مدل‌های فضایی در نرم افزارهای اکسل و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی تحلیل شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که در تسهیلات اشتغالزایی روستایی در سطح شهرستان‌های استان لرستان عدالت فضایی رعایت نشده است و تناسب بین نرخ بیکاری نواحی روستایی شهرستان‌ها و تسهیلات اشتغالزایی ارتباط مستقیم وجود ندارد و بیشتر شهرستان‌های همجوار به مرکز استان از این تسهیلات برخوردار بوده‌اند. همچنین بین ظرفیت محیطی شهرستان‌ها و رسته‌های شغلی که تسهیلات اشتغالزایی دریافت کرده‌اند تا حد زیادی همبستگی وجود دارد و از این منظر عدالت فضایی در بین شهرستان‌ها رعایت شده است.

assessing spatial justice in the payment allocation of rural job creation loans: the case of counties of lorestan province

understanding the spatial distribution of employment-generating facilities in rural areas is crucial for economic development. planning future initiatives based on this understanding can lead to the economic growth of villages and, ultimately, the country’s economy. since economic activities, along with facilities and employment opportunities, are not evenly distributed across regions, each area requires tailored development programs that align with its unique characteristics. this study aims to evaluate spatial justice in the distribution of facilities and the trends in job creation across major economic sectors in the rural areas of lorestan province, analyzed by county.  methodologyin the present study, a descriptive and analytical research method was employed. the analysis focused on the area of lorestan province, broken down by county. to gather information, data from the deputy of entrepreneurship and employment development at the ministry of cooperatives, labor, and social welfare in lorestan province from november 2021 were used, specifically for the registration and receipt of entrepreneurship credit loans. the study examined the pattern of dispersion and spatial distribution of rural employment-generating facilities and credits across various fields within the counties of lorestan province in 2021. the spatial distribution of these employment-generating loans at the county level was mapped using arcmap software. finally, the hot spot analysis technique was applied to rank the distribution of loans received by the villagers.  findingsaccording to data from the deputy of entrepreneurship and employment development of the ministry of cooperatives, labor, and social welfare in november 2021, a total of 5,445 employment-generating projects across lorestan province received financial assistance. the highest number of projects was in khorramabad county, with 946 projects, while the lowest was in rumeshkan, with 163 projects. the distribution of financial assistance and direct employment generated by these projects followed a similar pattern. specifically, 24% of the financial assistance and 22% of the direct employment were in khorramabad, while the lowest percentages, 2.3% and 2.7%, respectively, were in rumeshkan. the findings show the distribution of project numbers, financial assistance, and direct employment across the counties. regarding the correlation between direct employment generated by rural employment loans and the unemployment rates in rural areas of lorestan counties, the data indicates a negative correlation of -0.13. in other words, counties with higher unemployment rates tended to have lower levels of employment generation, and vice versa.to identify the spatial distribution pattern of rural employment loans across the counties of lorestan province, the amount of financial assistance provided in each county was analyzed.