عوامل موثر در افزایش میزان مشارکت زنان در اقتصاد روستاهای شهرستان شفت

ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ زﻧﺎن روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ در ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺣﻀﻮر اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻠﮑﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ درآﻣﺪ ﺧﺎﻧﻮارﻫﺎی روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ و ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﻣﻌﯿﺸﺖ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. ﻟﺬا در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ در اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ زﻧﺎن در اﻗﺘﺼﺎد روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺷﻔﺖ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽ ﮔﯿﺮد. روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ-ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ و ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎر ی ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﯿﺰ 66 ﻧﻔﺮ از اﻋﻀﺎی دﻫﯿ ﺎر یﻫﺎ و اﻓﺮاد ﺳﺎﮐﻦ در روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﯾﻦ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. رواﯾﯽ ﮔﻮﯾﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ اﻓﺮاد ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪ و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ آن ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آزﻣﻮن آﻟﻔﺎی ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺮای ﻧﻘﺎط ﻗﻮت، ﺿﻌﻒ، ﻓﺮﺻﺖ و ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 0/841، 0/837، 0/871و 0/78و در ﺣﺪ ﺧﻮب و ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮل ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﺑﻪ روش ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎی ﻣﺒﻨﺎ pca، ﮔﻮﯾﻪ ﻫﺎی ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮوهﺑﻨﺪی و ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎی ﻣﻬﻢ ﻧﻘﺎط ﻗﻮت، ﺿﻌﻒ، ﻓﺮﺻﺖ و ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ و ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺮای ﻫﺮ ﮐﺪام 3، 1، 2و 1ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﻄﻮرﯾﮑﻪ ﺳﻬﻢ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ اول ﺗﺎ ﺳﻮم ﻧﻘﺎط ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 31/05، 22/33و 13 /564، ﺳﻬﻢ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻧﻘﺎط ﺿﻌﻒ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 59/154، ﺳﻬﻢ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ اول و دوم ﻧﻘﺎط ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 32/316و 29/964و در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﺗﮏ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻧﻘﺎط ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 70/537ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ و در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﮐﻞ ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮای ﻧﻘﺎط ﻗﻮت، ﺿﻌﻒ، ﻓﺮﺻﺖ و ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 66/943، 59/154، 62/281و 70/537ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻗﻮت ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ زﻧﺎن ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ، ﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﯽ و ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ زﻧﺎن در ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار، اﺷﺘﻐﺎل زﻧﺎن در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﺸﺎورزی و ﺻﻨﺎﯾ ﻊ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ آن در راﺳﺘﺎی ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮی و ﺣﻔﻆ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎ و ﺟﺎذﺑﻪ ﻫﺎی ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮی و ﻓﺮوش ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ دﺳﺘﯽ، ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻧﻘﺎط ﺿﻌﻒ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻧﺒﻮد آﻣﻮزش و اﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎت ﻓﻨﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ دﺳﺘ ﯽ و ﻋﺪم ﺗﺎﻣﯿﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﯽ،ﺿﻌﻒ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ و ﻧﺎﭼﯿﺮ اﻧﮕﺎﺷﺘﻦ ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ زﻧﺎن، ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ اول و دوم ﻧﻘﺎط ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻣﺎزاد، ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ دوﻟﺖ از زﻧﺎن و اﯾﺠﺎد ﺗﺸﮑﻞ ﻫﺎ و ﺗﻌﺎوﻧﯽﻫﺎ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺳﻮادآﻣﻮزی و اﺷﺘﻐﺎل در ﮐﻨﺎر ﻣﺮدان، ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﮔﺮوﺗﻮرﯾﺴﻢ، اﯾ ﺠﺎد ﺑﺎزارﭼﻪ ﻫﺎی ﻣﺤﻠﯽ و ﺑﻨﮕﺎه ﻫﺎی اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی و ﮐﺎرﮔﺎه ﻫﺎ، ﺗﺎﻣﯿ ﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﯽ و ﺗﮏ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻧﻘﺎط ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ، اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ی و اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ.

factors influencing the increase of women’s participation in the rural economy of shaft county

rural women’s participation in various rural activities not only enhances their social presence but also contributes to increased income for rural households and improved livelihoods. this research investigates and identifies the influential factors in enhancing women’s participation in the rural economy of shaft county. the descriptive-survey research method is employed, with a statistical population of 66 members of village councils and residents from various villages in the county. the validity of the items, confirmed by experts, exhibits reliability using cronbach’s alpha test, with scores of 0.841, 0.837, 0.871, and 0.78 for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, respectively, indicating a good and acceptable level. subsequently, through factor analysis utilizing the principal component analysis (pca) method, the designated items are categorized, and the crucial components for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats are identified, comprising 3, 1, 2, and 1 components, respectively. the variance shares of the first to third components for opportunity points are 31.05, 22.33, and 13.564. for weaknesses, the variance share of the only component is 59.154. the variance shares of the first and second components for opportunity points are 32.316 and 29.964. lastly, the variance share of the single component for threat points is 70.537. the total explained variance for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats is 66.943, 59.154, 62.281, and 70.537, respectively. the results highlight that the key factors driving women’s participation include a suitable cultural platform, financial support, and the role of women in sustainable development, women’s employment in agriculture and related industries for tourism development and environmental conservation, and tourism attractions and handicraft sales. weaknesses mainly stem from a lack of training, insufficient technical facilities for handicraft production, financial constraints, cultural shortcomings, and underestimation of women’s participation. opportunities focus on surplus production, government support, and the establishment of organizations and cooperatives, alongside increasing literacy levels. threats are rooted in cultural, economic, and social barriers.