تبیین راهکارهای توسعه اقتصادی سکونتگاه های روستایی شهرستان رشت

ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ راﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎی ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎی ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن رﺷﺖ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ، در اﯾﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ، ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺪف، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدی و از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ، ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ، و ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت از ﻣﺪلﻫﺎی (ahp ،swot) و ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار spssاﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﭘﺲ از ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﻘﺎط ﻗﻮت، ﺿﻌﻒ، ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﻫﺎ و ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪات روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎی ﺷﻬ ﺮﺳﺘﺎن رﺷﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی و رﺗﺒﻪﺑﻨﺪی ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ از آن ﻫﺎ ، ﺑﻪ اراﺋﻪ راﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد، در ﺑﯿﻦ راﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎی وارد ﺷﺪه، در اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋی رﻗﺎﺑﺘﯽ، ﺳﻬﻢ راﻫﮑﺎر ﺗﺎﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖﻫﺎی ﻣﺤﻠﯽ و اﯾﺠﺎد اﺷﺘﻐﺎل ﺑﺮای ﻧﯿﺮوﻫﺎی ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎی ﻣﺤﺪوده ﺟﻬﺖ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﺎﺑﺮاﺑﺮی ﻫﺎی اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ اﺧﺘﺼﺎری (so2)، در اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋی ﺗﻨﻮعﺑﺨﺸﯽ، ﺳﻬﻢ راﻫﮑﺎر اﯾﺠﺎد اﻧﮕﯿﺰه ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت و ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎی ﮐﺸﺎورزی ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎی اﺳﺘﻘﺮار ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ اﺧﺘﺼﺎری (st5)، در اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋی ﺑﺎزﻧﮕﺮی راﻫﮑﺎر ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ و آﻣﻮزش ﮐﺴﺐ و ﮐﺎرﻫﺎی ﺧﺮد در ﺑﯿﻦ زﻧﺎن روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ اﺧﺘﺼﺎری (wo6)، در راﻫﺒﺮد ﺑﺎزﻧﮕﺮی راﻫﮑﺎر ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ از روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯿﺎن از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ وام ﻫﺎی ﮐﻢ ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﯾﺠﺎد و روﻧﻖ ﮐﺴﺐ و ﮐﺎرﻫﺎی ﺧﺮد روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ اﺧﺘﺼﺎری (wt2)، در ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ واﺑﺴﺘﻪ )ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی( ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﺳﺎﯾﺮ راﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺴﯿﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن داد، در اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋی رﻗﺎﺑﺘﯽ راﻫﮑﺎر اﺳﺘﻘﺮار ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻠﯽ ﮐﺸﺎورزی در ﻣﺤﺪوده ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺪم اﯾﺠﺎد آﻟﻮدﮔﯽﻫﺎی زﯾﺴﺖﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ اﻋﻼم ﻣﻮاﻓﻘﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن وﻣﺪﯾﺮان )ﻣﺤﻠﯽ –دوﻟﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ اﺧﺘﺼﺎری (so1)، در اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋی ﺗﻨﻮع ﺑﺨﺸﯽ راﻫﮑﺎر ﺗﻨﻮعﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﺳﻬﻢ راﻫﮑﺎر اﯾﺠﺎد اﻧﮕﯿﺰه ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت و ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎی ﮐﺸﺎورزی ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎی اﺳﺘﻘﺮار ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ اﺧﺘﺼﺎری (st5)، در اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋی ﺑﺎزﻧﮕﺮی راﻫﮑﺎر ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﻬﺎرتﻫﺎی ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪی ﺑﺎ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ اﺧﺘﺼﺎری (wo2)، در اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋی ﺗﺪاﻓﻌﯽ راﻫﮑﺎر ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ از روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯿﺎن از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ وامﻫﺎی ﮐﻢ ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﯾﺠﺎد و روﻧﻖ ﮐﺴﺐ و ﮐﺎرﻫﺎی ﺧﺮد روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ اﺧﺘﺼﺎری (wt2)، ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ را در ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎی رﺷﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد اﺧﺘﺼﺎص داده اﻧﺪ .

explaining the economic development strategies of rural settlements in rasht county

the present research has been carried out to explain economic development strategies in the villages of rasht county. the research is an applied, descriptive-analytical one. to analyze the data, swot, ahp, and spss software were used. after identifying and ranking the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the villages of rasht county, with an emphasis on economic development, solutions were offered. the results showed that among the strategies introduced, the following ones played a more important role in predicting positive changes in the dependent variable, i.e. economic development: (1) emphasizing local capabilities and creating jobs for the people living in the surrounding villages to reduce social inequalities (abbreviated to so2), as a competitive strategy, (2) creating incentives to increase agricultural products and activities instead of establishing city-related industries (abbreviated to st5), as a diversification strategy, (3) developing small businesses among rural women (abbreviated to wo6), as a revisiting strategy, and (4) supporting villagers by low-interest loans in order to create and develop small rural businesses (abbreviated to wt2), as a defensive strategy. the results of the path analysis showed that the following strategies have the greatest direct impact on the economic development of rasht villages: (1) establishing agricultural transformation industries in the area under study, considering the non-creation of environmental pollution and the agreement made by experts and local-governmental managers (abbreviated to so1), as a competitive strategy, (2) creating incentives to increase agricultural products and activities instead of establishing city-related industries (abbreviated to st5), as a diversification strategy, (3) developing new production skills (abbreviated to wo2), as a revisiting strategy, and (4) supporting villagers by low-interest loans in order to create and develop small rural businesses (abbreviated to wt2), as a defensive strategy.