editorial: the two-point technique of fluoroscopy during the urological procedure: is really necessary?

Nowadays, the common use of diagnostic and therapeutic ionizing radiation increases worries about excessive occupational and patient exposure. the novel fluoroscopic-guided endoscopic procedures can diminish radiation dose during urologic procedures. a “two-point technique (tpt)” is defined in which the fluoroscope image intensifier (c-arm) is shifted among caudal and cephalad set points of the operative field. maybe patient radiation exposure is less with tpt than with a non-structured conventional technique, such as the cognitive fluoroscopic technique (cft). as we can see the urethral lumen clearly by ureteroscope and endoscopic visions, we rarely use x-rays during our routine procedures in our center, except for percutaneous nephrolithotripsy.