investigating the effect of physical structure on the behavior of pedestrians (case study: bagh-e-feyz neighborhood)

Urban environments need to be designed to meet the needs of diverse groups, especially pedestrians. the bagh-e-feyz neighborhood faces issues such as narrow sidewalks, limited green spaces, and security concerns, which have progressively disrupted pedestrian behavior patterns. this study aims to explain the impact of the physical-spatial structure on pedestrian behavior patterns in the bagh-e-feyz neighborhood and to propose planning principles for improving these patterns. using a descriptive-analytical approach, this applied research draws on theoretical foundations and relevant case studies to establish a framework for analysis. spss software and trained observer methods were employed to test the research question. findings indicate that several indicators require improvement, including the separation of vehicular and pedestrian routes, the creation of dynamic neighborhood units along urban streets, the preservation of identity elements and historical buildings, attention to local materials, the enhancement of significant neighborhood landmarks, support for group activities, focus on urban walls and symbols, and ensuring perceptible physical diversity for all movement systems. this research provides recommendations for restructuring physical environments to enhance pedestrian experience and offers insights for future studies on the impact of urban design on pedestrian behavior, highlighting the necessity of pedestrian-centered urban planning.