studying the effect of calcination on optical and magnetic properties of nife2o4@ti-doped zno nanoparticles

A novel magnetically separable nife2o4@ti-doped zno nanosphere was synthesized using the heterogeneous nucleation of ti-doped zno nanoparticles on nife2o4 polycrystalline nanospheres by hydrothermal method. structural and microstructural properties of synthesized polycrystalline nanospheres were studied by x-ray diffraction (xrd), fourier-transform infrared spectra (ftir), field emission scanning electron microscopy (fesem) with an energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometer (edx), and transmission electron microscopy (tem). the effect of calcination on optical and magnetic properties is also investigated. the optical properties of synthesized nanoparticles were investigated using uv-vis spectroscopy which shows the absorption peak in the visible region. the band gap energy of pure zno, ti-doped zno, and nife2o4@ti-doped zno before and after calcination was calculated 3.21 ev, 2.92 ev, 2.44 ev, and 2.04 ev, respectively. a vibrating sample magnetometer (vsm) was employed to study magnetic features that the saturation magnetization (ms) of nife2o4 and nife2o4@ti-doped zno non-calcined and calcined was obtained 63.6 emu/g, 21.3 emu/g, and 15.3 emu/g, respectively. hence, the results represented that the calcination of nife2o4@ti-doped zno nanosphere improved the optical properties and reduced the band gap energy. however, nife2o4 combination with nonmagnetic matrix and calcination of nife2o4@ti-doped zno nanoparticles decrease the saturation magnetization (ms) value and response to the external magnetic field.