ارزیابی جایگاه خوشنویسی و کتیبه‌نگاری در تزیینات بقعة سهل بن علی(ع) شهر آستانه (استان مرکزی)

بقعه سهل‌بن‌علی از نمونه بناهای مذهبی ایران است که در40 کیلومتری جنوب غرب شهر اراک در شهر آستانه واقع شده است. این بنا دارای پیشینه‌ای تاریخی است که تاکنون از نظر معماری و تزیینات وابسته مورد تحقیق و بررسی قرار نگرفته است. تزیینات این بنا شامل دیوارنگاری، آینه‌کاری کتیبه‌نویسی و غیره است که در این بین کتیبه‌ها از نظر تعداد و تنوع بخش قابل توجهی را به خود اختصاص داده‌اند. ازاین‌رو مقاله پیش‌رو با هدف معرفی جنبه‌های هنری این بنا، کتیبه‌های آن‌را مورد بررسی قرار داده است. اطلاعات این پژوهش براساس بررسی‌های میدانی و مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای گردآوری و به روش توصیفی  -  تحلیلی مورد بررسی قرار گرفته‌است. از نتایج آن می‌توان به یافتن یک قطعة مفقودشده از قطعات خوشنویسی بنا مربوط به دورة قاجار را نام برد. همچنین براساس آنچه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت می‌توان گفت که خوشنویسی در این بنا به دو خط ثلث و نستعلیق محدود شده و با تکنیک‌های مختلف از جمله دیوارنگاری، حجاری و قطعه نویسی اجرا شده است. علاوه‌براین می‌توان هم زمان با جنبه تزیینی دو کارکرد مهم تاریخی و مفهومی را برای آن‌ها در نظر گرفت که در این بین عملکرد تاریخی کتیبه‌ها از آن جهت که نام هنرمندان، بانی بنا و تاریخ تعمیرات را در خود دارند بسیار حائز اهمیت هستند.

evaluation of status of calligraphy and inscription in the decoration of the tomb of sahl ibn ali in astaneh city (markazi province)

the shrine of sahl ibn ali is one of the religious buildings in iran that is located in astaneh city in the southwest of markazi province. it was founded for a man who was one of the descendants of zein al abedin. although many historical documents give us little information about this building, there isn’t any evidence about the exact time of construction. however, according to historical studies  there was a tombstone and a wooden case above it with the date of seventh century ah and they had inscriptions that description this grave belongs to the sahl ibn ali. unfortunately, the wooden case has been missing and the tombstone inscription is illegible. consequently, according to the oldest historical document we can deduce that it was built before the safavid dynasty. nevertheless, similar to other religious buildings, it has many historical decorations that occupy a significant part of it, which consists of inscription, mural, mirror work, tile, and woodwork that belong to qajar and safavid era. although a few contemporary studies on the religious characteristics of sahl ibn ali have only indicated the art decorations, there is no any specific research on the artistic characteristics. these sources prove that there were many decorations especially calligraphic that are missing and for this reason it is important to study the architecture and its decorations. besides mural, mirrors and other decorations, inscriptions are remarkable for vary executive technique, location and information. for this reason, this research focuses on inscriptions and calligraphies to find their functions among other decorations. one of the remarkable characteristics of these inscriptions is their complexion. three of them have dark-blue background colors with white or yellow inscriptions on them that made them for viewers legible in the distance. two of these three inscriptions is including a sura of qoran located under the dome that it had written with tholth. unfortunately, the one situated in the highest part under the dome  has been damaged since of the water that leak from the dome.