experimental study of germanium dry machining with various rake angles and different feed rates of tool

Today, germanium single-crystals are used as an infrared and semiconductor material in the manufacturing of infrared optical lenses and windows (thermal vision), gamma-ray detectors, and substrates for optoelectronic and electronic applications. given that germanium is an optically brittle material with high brittleness and brittle failure that mainly affects the surface integrity of the machined part on this material; in this experimental study, by changing the rake angle and feed rate of the cutting tool, experiments were performed to determine the appropriate rake angles and suitable feed rates and their effects on the surface roughness and texture of the relevant surface for germanium turning in the dry state. the results show that with increasing the rake angle and decreasing the feed rate of the cutting tool, the surface roughness decreases, which reduces the surface damage to a considerable extent. the purpose of this experimental study is to create a surface with the desired quality in the machining process of the germanium optical part using ductile mode machining and to change the parameters of this process to control the configuration and dimensions of microstructures, micro-cracks, micro craters, and surface pits.