agent-based modeling of banking service supply chain in industry 4.0: a case study of resalat qard al hasan bank

Purpose: industry 4.0 has profoundly impacted the structure of businesses and organizations worldwide, and the digital revolution has led to the transformation of the supply chain of various industries, including the supply chain of banking services. therefore, it is necessary to redesign the supply chain in the new era. methodology: this study investigated the supply chain of banking services of industry 4.0 and its simulation based on agent-based modeling. this research model simulates the profit flow and other important financial variables related to agents such as customers, banks, fintechs, and other players in the supply chain of digital banking services. findings: the simulation results in different time periods show the amount of changes in important parameters in the face of digital transformations in industry 4.0. factors such as the connection of organizations and fintechs to the supply chain of banking services, as well as the removal of physical branches and the use of digital tools, change the structure of the chain in terms of information evolution, service evolution, and financial evolution. originality/value: this paper is one of the first studies to analyze the effects of industry 4.0 on the banking service supply chain and can be considered a starting point for digital banking supply chain studies.