the effectiveness of private-public partnerships in land delivery for low-income housing development for the city of windhoek namibia

Purpose: this study sought to assess the effectiveness of the city of windhoek public private partnership model for land delivery and low-income housing initiatives. to gain in-depth knowledge and understanding of the topic, the research adopted a mixed method approach. methodology: a sample size of 80 respondents was statically determined and randomly selected from a target population of 120 employees and beneficiaries of ppps using probability sampling. findings: the study findings revealed that the city of windhoek’s ppps model and housing initiatives for low-income earners fell-short in meeting its objectives against the ever widening housing shortage, notably due to bureaucratic statutory approval processes, a lack and high cost of serviced land as well as high material costs. to date, only a handful of those from the grassroots have benefited. the drawn conclusions were that, although the triple-p model and housing initiatives was adopted to bridge the ever-widening gap of housing shortage, the houses being built are not affordable to low-income earners. henceforth, the study recommends that government should provide extended support to the grassroots groups, case in point through subsidized grants or arranged part-payments at financial institutions whereby government could cover part of home-loan costs. finally, effective program execution, monitoring, feedback and evaluation of the project milestones should be enhanced. originality/value: in this study we attempted to the effectiveness of private-public partnerships in land delivery for low-income housing development for the city of windhoek namibia.