the effects of eight weeks of aerobic exercise and nbs superfood supplementation on il-1β and sod in elderly men with diabetes

Type 2 diabetes in older adults is characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress, with elevated interleukin-1β (il-1β) and reduced superoxide dismutase (sod) activity playing central roles in disease progression.  this study aimed to investigate the independent and combined effects of eight weeks of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise and nbs superfood supplementation on serum il-1β and sod levels in elderly men with type 2 diabetes. forty older men (aged 60–75 years) with type 2 diabetes were randomly allocated using stratified block randomization to four groups (n=10 each): control, exercise-only (tr), supplement-only (sup), and exercise + supplement (tr+sup). the exercise groups performed supervised cycling at 60–70% wmax, 30 min/session, 3 sessions/week for 8 weeks. the supplementation groups received 10 g/day nbs superfood. fasting serum il-1β and sod were measured before and 48 hours after the intervention using elisa. two-way repeated-measures anova revealed significant time × group interactions for both il-1β (p<0.001, η²p=0.372) and sod (p<0.001, η²p=0.892). post-hoc tests showed the greatest reductions in il-1β and largest increases in sod occurred in the tr+sup group compared to all other groups (p<0.001), indicating a synergistic effect. eight weeks of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise combined with nbs superfood supplementation exerts potent synergistic anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in older men with type 2 diabetes, suggesting a promising non-pharmacological strategy for managing chronic inflammation and oxidative stress.