review and comparison of challenges, conflicts and innovation on the start-up qualification of independent business (case study on physical education students of islamic azad university, tabriz branch)

Purpose: entrepreneurship is the driving force behind economic and social change. entrepreneurs are the cornerstone of the economic system in the country. methods: this applied research employed a causal-comparative research method. the statistical population included the undergraduate, postgraduate, and ph.d. students of islamic azad university, tabriz branch, (n=517). based on morgan's table, 250 students were selected randomly and were given the prepared questionnaires. the dorabji et al. (1998) innovation climate questionnaire and anderson & dunkelberg's (1990) independent business start-up competency questionnaire were used for data collection. content and face validity were confirmed by six sports management experts. the cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated to be (α=0.84) for the innovation climate questionnaire and (α=0.87) for independent business start-up qualification. in this study, both descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis and hypothesis testing. the kolmogorov-smirnov test was used to check the normality of the data. results: the results of the study showed the impact of the challenge on the qualification of start-up independent business. in addition, the factors of innovation and conflict in the classrooms were found to have a positive effect on the qualification of independent business start-ups. conclusion: based on the results of the present study, it is suggested that professors encourage students to take up a healthy, team-based challenge and improve the quality of their work by creating an energetic and non-compulsory atmosphere in the field.