experimental reduction of condensate trapping by caco3 nanofluid injection in sandpacks

The capillary force inside the rock or remaining in the rock due to liquid's permeability results in the formation of the condensate in gas condensate reservoirs and trapping happens. there are various methods to eliminate these condensates or reduce them to a minimum value. many researchers attempt to recover more oil commercially and delay leaving oil fields by innovating some new methods and applying nanotechnology in the oil and gas industry. in this study, we attempted to reduce the trapped condensate by applying caco3 nanofluid injection (the natural caco3 (bio-ca) nanoparticles containing chitin) as an economical and eco-friendly nanoparticle in tertiary enhanced oil recovery method. finally, the displacement efficiency and recovery of this nanoparticle showed 69.29% and 5.23%, respectively, which indicates the economic efficiency of this nanofluid and its effectiveness in reducing trapping; and the best conditions are when the initial condensate saturation and the flow rate of nanofluid are at their minimum value.