low serum vitamin d level and occurrence of uterine leiomyoma: a case-control study

Objective: uterine fibroids (ufs) is a benign disorder that affects women of reproductive age. vitamin d is thought to play an important role in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. this study aimed to investigate the role of vitamin d in uterine fibroid-related problems. methods: this case control study was done on 72 women with fibroid lesion (case group) who referred to amir-al momenin hospital, zabol, iran between april 2022 and december 2022. moreover, 38 women with normal uterine morphology on ultrasonography were considered control group within the age range of 20 to 45 years. blood samples were taken for measuring 25-hydroxyvitamin d levels. demographic and other related clinical information were collected from the patients. result:   the ratio of bmi in the case group (73.52%) was higher than the control group (63.15%). this difference was statistically significant (p=0.002). vitamin d deficiency was common in the case group (54.90%) as compared to controls (6.7%) while sufficiency was common among controls (67.8% vs. 27.45%); the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). women in the control group were exposed to sunlight more often than case group which was statistically significant (p=0.002). women with uterine fibroids, 94.11% had low exposure to sunlight compared to women in the control group (73.68%), which was statistically significant (p=0.002). ten patients (13.88%) of case group mentioned a family history of uterine fibroids, while none of the women in the control group had this item. this difference was statistically significant (p=0.014).conclusion: the present study showed that patients with ufs had significantly lower serum levels of vitamin d. vitamin d deficiency is a potential risk factor for ufs.