serum levels of glutathione and malondialdehyde in patients with type 2 diabetes with coronary heart disease at khorramabad heart hospital, western iran: a cross-sectional study

Objective: type 2 diabetes is linked to a heightened risk of coronary heart disease (chd) due to metabolic and oxidative disturbances. glutathione, a vital antioxidant, and malondialdehyde (mda), a marker of oxidative stress, are critical in assessing oxidative damage and cellular stress. this study aims to examine the serum levels of these markers in patients with type 2 diabetes and chd to gain insight into the relationship between oxidative stress and cardiovascular disease in this population.methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted at khorramabad heart hospital in western iran, involving 100 patients with type 2 diabetes with chd (t2dm-chd) over a two-month period. blood samples were also collected from fasting volunteers in a control group for comparative purposes. after centrifugation and serum separation, biochemical assays were performed to measure serum levels of mda and glutathione.results: the serum level of mda in the t2dm-chd group was 19.3 ± 16.8 µmol/mg protein, significantly higher than the control group’s level of 6.9 ± 3.3 µmol/mg protein. conversely, serum glutathione levels in the diabetic group were 15.3 ± 6.5 µmol/mg protein, markedly lower compared to the control group’s 34.8 ± 10 µmol/mg protein.conclusion: the findings suggest that patients with t2dm-chd exhibit elevated levels of mda and reduced levels of glutathione, indicating significant oxidative stress. this imbalance may contribute to the progression of diabetes-related complications and cardiovascular diseases. therefore, incorporating antioxidants as medications or supplements may be an effective strategy to mitigate oxidative stress and enhance clinical outcomes in these patients. further research is required to identify the optimal types and dosages of antioxidants.